单项选择题
1、听音频，回答下列题：

A．She went to college nearby．
B．She won a contest.
C．Her family vacationed there．
D．She was a friend of Leonard Bernstein's.


2、听音频，回答下列题：

A． Publishers wanted higher quality paper.
B． Paper made from rags deteriorated too quickly.
C． Wood pulp had become too expensive.
D． The supply of rags was insufficient.


3、根据材料，回答题
Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage．
Many of the aids which are advertised as liberating the modem woman tend to have the opposite effect,because they simply change the nature of work instead of eliminating it． Machines have a certain novelty value,like toys for adults． It is 36 less tiring to put clothes in a washing machine, but the time saved does not really37too much: the machine has to be watched, the clothes have to be carefully sorted first, stains38by hand, buttons pushed and water changed, clothes taken out, aired and ironed．
It would be more liberating to pack it all off to a39and not necessarily more expensive, since no capital investment is required． Similarly, if you really want to save time you do not make cakes with an electric mixer, you buy one in a shop． If one compares the image of domesticated woman fostered by the women's magazines with the goods advertised by those periodicals, advertising which finances them, one realizes how useful a projected image can be in commerce． A careful 40 has to be struck: if you show a labor-saving gadget, follow it up with a41recipe on the next page; on no account hint at the notion that a woman could get herself a job, but instead foster her sense of her own usefulness,42 the creative aspect of her function as a housewife． So we get cake mixes where the cook simply adds an egg herself, to produce "that lovely home-baked43the family love",and knitting patterns that can be made by hand, or worse still, on knitting machines, which became a tremendous vogue when they were first44 (difficult to know who would wear all those rapidly produced sweaters, which lacked the advantages of hand-made woolens)． Automatic cookers are advertised by pictures of pretty young mothers taking their children to the park, not by45women presetting the dinner before catching a bus to the office．
A． laundry
B． exaggerate
C． emphasize
D． certainly
E． indignant
F． removed
G． amount
H． excessively
I． complicated
J． handled
K． flavor
L． professional
M． introduced
N． calculation
O． balance
36.__________


4、Questions are based on the passage you have just heard.
第22题答案为
A．Milder weather in recent years.
B．An increase in gasoline prices.
C．Construction of bicycle paths.
D．The invention of sturdy bicycles.


5、Questions are based on the passage you have just heard．
第16题答案为
A．Photographic techniques common in the early 1900's．
B．The life of Alfred Sticglitz．
C．The influence of weather on Alfred Stieglitz' s photography．
D．Alfred Stieglitze's approach to photography．


6、Questions are based On the conversation you have just heard.
第9题答案为
A．Because his lecture notes weren't very good.
B．Because he didn't understand the lecture.
C．Because he didn't attend the lecture.
D．Because his research was on the same topic as the lecture.


7、 Compared with WPA, the Public Works Administration __________.
A．got private businesses involved in the restoring of economy
B．encouraged the local governments to make concrete plans
C．offered jobs in all the aspects concerning construction
D．stimulated the economy by lending money to local governments


8、根据以下内容，回答题
A． Long before Sci Academy, a charter school in New Orleans, had graduated its first senior class, the school was being heaped with accolades ( 称赞). In September 2010, when Sci Academy was just two years old, its 200 excited students--then all freshmen and sophomores--filed into Greater St. Stephen Baptist church, next door to the school. Together with local dignitaries ( 显要人物 ), journalists, and a brass band, the students watched on huge screens as the leaders of six charter schools from around the country appeared on The Oprah Winfrey Show. At the end of the show, they watched as Oprah handed each charter-school leader—including Ben Marcovitz, Sci Academy's founder—a $1 million check.
B． Sci Academy is a flagship charter school and a model of the new data-driven, business-infused approach to education that has won its worship in New Orleans. After Hurricane Katrina in 2005, education reformers swept away what remained of the traditional public schools in what had been one of the nation's lowest- performing districts. In their place, charters promised choice and increased accountability( 负责制 ). More than 75 percent of New Orleans kids landed in schools controlled by the so-called Recovery School District, which was heavily dominated by charter schools.
C． "This transformation of the New Orleans educational system may turn out to be the most significant national development in education since desegregation," wrote Neerav Kingsland, the CEO of New Schools for New Orleans, the city's leading venture-philanthropy group incubating local charter schools, a year ago. "New Orleans students have access to educational opportunities that are far superior to any in recent memory."
D． But eight years after Hurricane Katrina, there is evidence that the picture is far more complicated. Seventy- nine percent of RSD charters are still rated D or F by the Louisiana Department of Education. Sci is one of two RSD high schools to earn a B; there are no A-rated open-admission schools. In a school system with about 42,000 mostly poor African-American kids, every year thousands are out of school at any given time-- because they are on suspension, have dropped out, or are incarcerated. Even at successful schools, such as the highly regarded Sci Academy, large numbers of students never make it to graduation, and others are unlikely to make it through college.
E. Figuring out what has taken place in the New Orleans schools is not just a matter of interest to local residents. From cities like New York to towns like Muskegon Heights, Michigan, market-style reforms have been widely considered as the answer to America's educational woes. New Orleans tells us a lot about what these reforms look like in practice. And the current reality of the city's schools should be enough to give pause to even the most passionate charter supporters.
F.With its chain-link fence and campus of module-like buildings--the result of a continuing post-Hurricane Katrina building shortage--Sci Academy doesn't look much like a model school. Freshmen, wearing the polo shirts and khakis of the school uniform, are required to walk along straight red lines that snake through the school's breezeways. Placards bearing slogans, such as "No Short Cuts; No Excuses" and "Go Above and Beyond," hang overhead.
G. Everything at Sci Academy is carefully designed to maintain discipline and focus on the school's principal mission, which is to get every student into college. Each morning, at 8 a.m., the teachers, almost all white and in their 20s, gather for a rousing thigh-slapping, hand-clapping, rap-chanting staff revival meeting, the beginning of what will be, for most, a 14- to 16-hour workday. Students arrive a half hour later, and if asked "Why are you here?" and "What will it take?" are expected to respond "To learn" followed by a recitation of the school's six core values: "achievement, respect, responsibility, perseverance, teamwork, and enthusiasm."
H. Both curriculum and behavior are elaborately arranged. As kids file into class, a teacher hands them their "entry ticket," a survey that helps determine how much students retained from the previous class. An "exit ticket" distributed at the end of each class establishes how much kids have absorbed. Information from the exit tickets, as well as attendance, demerits for bad behavior, and "Sci bucks" for good behavior, are keyed into the Sci software system by teachers every night to help monitor both student and teacher performance.
I.After the storm, the state fired the city's unionized teachers, who were mostly middle-aged African- Americans, an action that has been challenged in court. While a few schools have hired back teachers who worked in the pre-Katrina schools, the city now relies heavily on inexperienced educators--mostly young, white, and from out of town--who are willing, at least in the short run, to put in exhausting hours. But at many schools, including Sci Academy, plenty of teachers last for less than two years.
J.In New Orleans, teachers with certifications from Teach for America number close to 400, five times the level a few years ago. Within the RSD, in 2011, 42 percent of teachers had less than three years of experience; 22 percent have spent just one year or less in the classroom, according to "The State of Public Education in New Orleans," a 2012 report by the pro-charter Cowen Institute at Tulane University.
K. In part to help with this lack of experience, charter schools train teachers in highly regimented routines that help them keep control of their classrooms. The city's charter-school advocates argue that in the aftermath of the storm, when charter operators had to scale up quickly, they needed to start with basics: first order and security, then skill building. "Kids expect high school to be dangerous. They come to school with their backs up," explains Sci Academy's Marcovitz, a graduate of the elite Maret school in Washington, D.C., and Yale University. He says the routines--which are borrowed from methods pioneered by KIPP, a national charter chain that also operates schools in New Orleans--are intended to keep students focused and feeling safe.
L. In one English class last fall, a teacher who had been at Sci for about a year held forth on the fine points of grammar, including the subtle difference between modal and auxiliary verbs. As a few heads drifted downward, she employed a popular charter-school management routine to hold the class's attention. "SPARK check! " she called. The acronym stands for sit straight; pencil to paper (or place hands folded in front); ask and answer questions; respect; and keep tracking the speaker.
M. "Heads up, sit straight--15 seconds to go," she said, trying to get her students' attention. "All scholars please raise your homework in THREE, TWO, ONE. We need to set a goal around homework completion. I only see about one third complete homework."
N.It's a long way from the city's charter school roots. In the 1990s, the city's first charter school, New Orleans Charter Middle School, was built on a progressive curriculum that used experiential projects and electives,
such as bicycle repair and African dance, to foster a love of learning. The school became the most highly rated nonselective school in the city before it was devastated during Hurricane Katrina. But while its founders went
on to create FirstLine, now one of the leading charter operators in New Orleans, the progressive roots of the charter movement have been swamped by the new realities of a competitive charter marketplace.
O.Now, driven by both government policy and charitable funding--which rewards schools for preparing students for college and penalizes those that don't--most charter high schools in New Orleans describe themselves as "college prep." This may seem an admirable goal. But in a school system where the number of eighth graders who passed the end-of-course tests required to get into high school has, according to the Cowen Institute, virtually stagnated at about 60 percent, the push toward college leaves behind many of the most disadvantaged kids, who already face enormous hurdles because of poverty, parental abandonment, and one of the highest rates of gun violence in the nation. For some of these students, college is not necessarily a realistic goal.
Teachers in charter schools are trained in strict and rigid ways since most of them are inexperienced.


9、 Various information on students can be tracked down in Sci Academy's computer systems to ensure the teaching quality.


10、Questions are based on the passage you have just heard.

A．Because of its shape.
B．Because of its skin.
C．Because of its size.
D．Because of its behavior.